"filter values from an array similar to sql like '%search%' using php" Code Answer

You don't need to use array_filter and a custom / lambda function, preg_grep does the trick:

$input = preg_quote('bl', '~'); // don't forget to quote input string!
$data = array('orange', 'blue', 'green', 'red', 'pink', 'brown', 'black');

$result = preg_grep('~' . $input . '~', $data);